Gila (HEE-la) Cliff Dwellings National Monument in southwestern New Mexico provides an intriguing glimpse into the homes and lives of native Americans of the Mogollon culture who lived in this rugged canyon in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. The surroundings in the Gila Wilderness probably look today very much as they did when the cliff dwellers lived here, 200 years before Christopher Columbus set sail across the Atlantic.
From the visitor center, a one-mile loop trail leads to and through the cliff dwellings and takes about one hour. The trail begins by crossing the Gila River on a footbridge. The trail is steep in places, and there are drop-offs. The unpaved trail is rugged, and on our trip, Dec. 29, there were several patches of very slick ice. Mud can be a problem in warmer weather. The trail climbs 180 feet, including several sets of stairs, and there are no rails. The views of the canyon along the way and from the cliff dwellings are very rewarding.
About half way up the trail you will make a sharp turn and from there if you look up you will catch your first glimpse of the Gila Cliff Dwellings. Most Mogollon communities built on open, flat terrraces near their fields. Archeologists do not know why this band of 30 to 40 people chose to live in caves. It is speculated that they may have gotten the idea from the Anasazi in the north, who were experienced cliff dwellers and influenced the Mogollon in many ways during this period.
The cliff dwellers used rustic wooden ladders to climb up to or down from their homes. On the loop trail, the ascent is made by way of a set of stairs, and the descent by ladder. Those who do not want to climb down the ladder may retrace their steps and go back down the stairs. From here the trail loops a different return route to the beginning. However, on the day we were there in late December, the return trail was closed due to ice, so we went back the way we had come - which was still quite icy.
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